Tithorea is a village in the Phthiotis regional unit and belongs to the expanded Municipality of Amfikleia-Elatia. It is built on the eastern slopes of Mount Parnassus, at an altitude of 440 meters. According to the 2011 census, its population is 630 residents. In recent years, Tithorea has experienced tourism development due to its short distance from the winter resorts of Mount Parnassus. Until 1926, it was called Velitsa, when it was renamed Tithorea after the ancient Phocian city of Tithorea, which was located in the exact same area. The ruins of ancient Tithorea are still visible among the modern houses of the village, while the city walls have been preserved in very good condition. Ancient Tithorea was a Phocian city, built on the eastern slopes of Mount Parnassus, in the same location as the modern village. The ancient city was established after the destruction of nearby Phocian towns by Xerxes¢ army. According to Herodotus, the inhabitants of the destroyed cities along the banks of the Cephissus River took refuge on the slopes of Parnassus in the area of Tithorea. After the Persians were expelled, the Phocians fortified the area of Tithorea, which gradually evolved from a fortress into a thriving city that incorporated the populations of the older neighboring towns—Neon of Tritaea and the Parapotamoi settlements. At its peak in the 3rd century BC, Tithorea even minted its own coins.